In architecture, the topmost part of a column is known as the capital. The term “capital” comes from the Latin word caput, which translated means “head”. This part of the column is designed to increase the load bearing area of the supporting surface of the column. It holds up the weight by joining the typically circular shaft with the square abacus.
Capitals may be of several distinct types or orders with corresponding columns. Greek Doric capitals are fluted and plain; Roman Doric capitals are smooth and plain; Ionic capitals have a rams horns at all four corners; and a Corinthian capitals are highly decorative with curling leaves.
